1. Black Holes: Cosmic Powerhouses

Black holes are not just mysterious anomalies—they are fundamental building blocks of galaxies. Formed from the collapse of massive stars or through galactic mergers, these enigmatic objects come in various sizes, from stellar-mass to supermassive black holes anchoring galactic centers. Their immense gravity shapes the structure and dynamics of galaxies, influencing everything from the distribution of stars to the flow of interstellar gas. As NASA’s research shows, black holes are cosmic engines, powering phenomena that define our universe.