8. Greenland Shark
The Greenland shark, Somniosus microcephalus, is the world’s longest-living vertebrate, with individuals estimated to live up to 400 years. (nationalgeographic.com) These sharks inhabit the cold, deep waters of the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans, often found at depths of 1,200 to 2,200 meters (3,900 to 7,200 feet). (luxwisp.com) Their slow metabolism and unique biochemistry, including high concentrations of antifreeze compounds in their tissues, enable them to survive in these frigid environments. (nationalgeographic.com) For more information, see National Geographic.