28. Streptomyces Nodosus: Fungal Infection Treatment
This soil bacterium produces amphotericin B, discovered in 1955. The compound binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, creating channels that leak cellular contents. It treats life-threatening fungal infections like cryptococcal meningitis. Original formulations caused kidney damage. Newer liposomal versions reduce this side effect while maintaining effectiveness. Despite newer antifungals, amphotericin B remains essential for severe systemic fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.